Which term refers to a comprehensive analysis focusing on the components and functionality of a system?

The term that refers to a comprehensive analysis focusing on the components and functionality of a system is "System Investigation." This stage is crucial in the system development lifecycle as it involves in-depth exploration and assessment of the current system or a proposed system. During a system investigation, analysts gather requirements, study existing processes, identify issues, and understand how different system components interact. This analysis sets the foundation for making informed decisions regarding system improvements or new implementations.

This detailed examination ensures that all aspects of the system are thoroughly understood before moving on to design, implementation, or review phases, where changes are made based on insights gained during the investigation. By focusing on both components and functionality, system investigation allows organizations to ensure that any new system aligns well with operational needs and user requirements.